COPPER TOOLS ARE INADEQUATE
Egyptology is abandoning a long-held, central tenet of pyramid construction. Since the inception of Egyptology, Egyptologists have asserted that copper chisels and saws were used to prepare millions of pyramid blocks....
Dieter Arnold, in his Building in Egypt, acknowledges trials in the 1980s that established a new dividing line between the types of rock that can be cut with copper:
"For some time, the observation of ancient tools, their traces on the stone surface of unfinished monuments, and occasional tests of the hardness of Egyptian copper or bronze tools made it clear that Egyptian masons and sculptors were able to cut softer stones with copper tools but had to use stone tools for dressing hard stones. The line distinguishing the two was between limestone, sandstone, and alabaster on one side and granite, quartzite, and basalt on the other. A series of tests carried out recently by Denys Stocks seems to lower this border line drastically."
The finding drastically affects the viability of the accepted theory of pyramid construction. Arnold continues:
"We know that hard stones such as granite, granodiorite, syenite, and basalt could not have been cut with metal tools. The tests conducted by Stocks seem to indicate that even hard limestone, sandstone, and alabaster would fall into this category."
Most limestone pyramid and temple blocks at Giza are medium hard to hard. In the 1980s, geologists from Waseda University conducted a geological survey of the Great Pyramid. They described its limestone blocks this way:
"...hard and highly viscous."
Their finding is logical, because the monument would have collapsed from its own weight long ago if its blocks were not relatively hard.
As discussed in The Egyptian Pyramid Mystery Is Solved!, Egyptologists who have examined this issue recognize several reasons why copper could not have been used to cut blocks for the Great Pyramid. Given that harder metals like bronze and iron were not available during the Pyramid Age, some Egyptologists advocate that stone tools must have been used to shape the pyramid blocks. The following excerpt from The Egyptian Pyramid Mystery Is Solved! shows that Egyptology faces a real dilemma:
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A Special Note to Students and Educators
Margaret Morris Challenges Chris Dunn to a Debate
